當我們在聽到批評的話之前，先聽到一些讚美的話，那些批評的話就容易接受多了。
It is always easier to listen to unpleasant things after we have heard some praise of our good points.
Dale Carnegie<If you must find fault, this is the way to begin>
2021年3月30日星期二
Competition
工廠雇主舒瓦伯說︰「假如我們要完成一件事情，一定要鼓勵競爭，這並不意味著要爭搶著去賺錢，而是要有超過別人的意志。」
Let Charles Schwab say it in his own words: "The way to get things done," says Schwab, "is to stimulate competition. I do not mean in a sordid, money-getting way, but in the desire to excel."
Dale Carnegie<When nothing else works, try this>
2021年3月29日星期一
motivation
銀行家約翰．摩根在他的一篇分析文章中寫道︰人們做每件事通常有兩個理由，一個是聽起來不錯的，一個是真實的。
人們會經常考慮那個真實的理由，而我們面對自己內心的時候都是理想主義者，更喜歡考慮那個聽起來不錯的理由。所以，想要改變一個人的意志，就需要把他高尚的動機激發出來。
J. Pierpont Morgan observed, in one of his analytical interludes, that a person usually has two reasons for doing a thing: one that sounds good and a real one.
The person himself will think of the real reason. You don't need to emphasize that. But all of us, being idealists at heart, like to think of motives that sound good. So, in order to change people, appeal to the nobler motives.
Dale Carnegie <An appeal that everybody likes>
2021年3月25日星期四
自憐
在蓋茲博士編寫的《教育心理學》上，有這樣一段話︰「追求被同情是人類的普遍現象，孩子受傷後，會急著展示他的傷口，甚至故意弄傷自己，以此來博得大人的同情。」成人也是如此，他們到處訴說自己的損失或者意外傷害，或者是患上的疾病，以及手術的過程。一般人都有自憐的習性。
Dr. Arthur I. Gates said in his splendid book Educational Psychology: "Sympathy the human species universally craves. The child eagerly displays his injury; or even inflicts a cut or bruise in order to reap abundant sympathy. For the same purpose adults... show their bruises, relate their accidents, illness, especially details of surgical operations. 'Self-pity' for misfortunes real or imaginary is, in some measure, practically a universal practice."
Dale Carnegie <What Everybody Wants>
Prevent condemnation
切記，當對方不承認自己的錯誤時，你不要斥責他。只有愚蠢的人，才會在這時責備別人，聰明人絕對不會這樣做，他會試著了解、原諒對方。
Remember that other people may be totally wrong. But they don't think so. Don't condemn them. Any fool can do that. Try to understand them. Only wise, tolerant, exceptional people even try to do that.
Dale Carnegie <A Formula That Will Work Wonders For You>
2021年3月20日星期六
Low-level inflammation of gut and obesity
In this journal, the research
team discusses current knowledge about the mechanistic interactions between the
gut microbiota, host energy metabolism, and the host immune system in the
context of obesity and metabolic disease, with a focus on the importance of the
axis that links gut microbes and host metabolic inflammation.
Because of the essential role
of the gut ecosystem in maintaining host physiology, its alteration can trigger
a wide range of physiological disorders, including chronic low-grade
inflammation, metabolic disorders, excess lipid accumulation, and loss of
insulin sensitivity, which increase the risk of developing metabolic diseases.
The researchers explore the
complex mechanisms that link lipid metabolism, inflammation, insulin signaling,
and obesity. They also discuss the influence of the gut microbiota in the onset
of obesity and metabolic diseases through molecular interactions with energy
metabolism and inflammation pathways of the host.
The gut microbiota can
contribute to host insulin resistance, chronic low-grade inflammation, and fat
deposition through a range of molecular interactions with the host and
therefore can indirectly participate in the onset of obesity and metabolic
diseases.
Obesity-related inflammation and impaired insulin action are tightly connected. Inflammation leads to impaired insulin action, which in turn contributes to the development of metabolic abnormalities. The emergence of chronic low-grade inflammation in individuals with obesity has been suggested to promote the clinical progression of the metabolic syndrome and obesity-related pathologies such as type-2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Shifts in gut microbial
composition caused by external factors can result in a dramatic alteration of
the symbiotic relationship between gut bacteria and the host, which promotes
the development of metabolic diseases. In particular, the gut microbiota is
believed to contribute to metabolic diseases via stimulation of chronic
low-grade inflammation.
It is important to note that
although short chain fatty acids are a source of calories for the host, their
intestinal production has been mostly associated with reduced inflammation and
increased satiety (飽足) and with overall positive metabolic effects.
One of the hallmarks of
obesity and obesity-related pathologies is the occurrence of chronic low-grade
inflammation.
Lipopolysaccharides are
derived from the outer cell membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, have been
thought to initiate the inflammation-related processes associated with the
onset of obesity and insulin resistance.
Low bacterial gene counts have also been
associated with altered gut microbial functions and dysbiosis and have been
linked to increased fat accumulation, lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation,
insulin resistance, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome.
Dysbiosis is a microbial imbalance or maladaptation on or inside
the body, such as an impaired microbiota.
Randomized controlled studies
have identified replacing markers of prebiotic treatment to be negatively
correlated with weight gain, inflammation, and impaired glucose metabolism,
which support the mechanisms observed in mammals.
Boulangé, C. L., (2016). Impact of the gut microbiota on inflammation, obesity, and metabolic disease. Biomedcentral. https://genomemedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13073-016-0303-2?utm_campaign=BMCF_TrendMD_2019_GenomeMedicine&utm_source=TrendMD&utm_medium=cpc
Automatic
沒有人願意被強迫買一件物品，或是被派去做什麼事情。我們都喜歡隨心所欲地買東西，或者按照自己的意願做事，而且希望有人和我們談論我們的願望、需求和想法。
No one likes to feel that he or she is being sold something or told do do a thing. We much prefer to feel that we are buying of our own accord or acting on our own ideas. We like to be consulted about our wishes, our wants, our thoughts.
Dale Carnegie <How to Get Cooperation>
One rule in a conversation
交談中或許你並不同意對方的看法，或許忍不住要插嘴，但是請你不要這樣做，因為這樣做很危險。當對方還有很多看法想要訴說的時候，他的注意力不會集中在你的身上。
If you disagree with them you may be tempted to interrupt. But don't. It's dangerous. They won't pay attention to you while they still have a lot of ideas of their own crying for expression.
Dale Carnegie <The Safety Valve in Handling Complaints>
2021年3月19日星期五
2021年3月17日星期三
2021年3月15日星期一
自己的父母和別人的雙親
別人的父母可能學識較高，相對在知識的傳承有所落差。例如小時候只著重功課，完全沒有重視過課外讀物的重要性，導致語文基礎薄弱。自身資質駑頓亦有關係，當自己用了全盤時間完成功課，完全沒有時間和健康的魄力去增強自己的語言能力。本人數理分析比起中英文強得多，上天對我已經沒有不公平了。
有些基本常識父母亦欠奉。譬如小時候阿媽叫我和姊姊吃橙，食完就立刻要刷牙，然後去睡覺。結果牙齒琺瑯質減少，長大後就算早晚刷牙都於事無補。老師也從來都沒有提及過這個問題，此是普遍的無知，只是大學宿舍牙科醫學生告訴我，我不能怪責自己的父母。
大部分父母對子女的愛都是滿溢，我們不應將別人的父母跟自己的父母比較，否則即是不孝。沒有一對父母是完美的。我的父親在外謀生，雖然他不能教給我什麼知識，但他教導我為人處事的道理，教我要以德服人。我的母親是家庭主婦，全心全力照顧家人，雖然她不能教給我什麼知識，但她教導我待人接物要有禮貌，畢生受用。
輕履者行遠
They (The Chinese) have spent five thousand years studying human nature, those cultured Chinese, and they have garnered (獲得) a lot of perspicacity (穎慧), "He who treads (行走) softly goes far."
Dale Carnegie <The Secret of Socrates>
我們想要達成某一種目的，在有的時候可以選擇適當的放下目的，從一種輕鬆舒適的條件下出發，讓自己在輕鬆，也讓別人在愉快的情況下，逐漸達到這種目的。
new.qq.com
Nicolas Flamel
cackle: to laugh especially in a harsh or sharp manner
roam: to go from place to place without purpose or direction
skim: to read, study, or examine superficially and rapidly
dampen: to check or diminish the activity or vigor of
fanatic: a person who is extremely enthusiastic about and devoted to some interest or activity
devote: to give over or direct (time, money, effort, etc.) to a cause, enterprise, or activity
referee: to conduct (a match or game) as referee
splutter: to utter hastily or confusedly
haste: rapidity of motion
hang back: stay
sinister: accompanied by or leading to disaster
topple: to fall from or as if from being top-heavy
curse: a prayer or invocation for harm or injury to come upon one
bunny hop: a short leap in figure skating often to gain speed that is made by hopping from a forward edge to the toe point of the free foot and stepping off immediately onto the forward edge of the take-off foot
stinking: offensive
flick: a light sharp jerky stroke or movement
frantically: in a nervously hurried, desperate, or panic-stricken way
grumpy: surly
elixir: a substance held capable of prolonging life indefinitely
Devon: county of southwestern England bordering the English Channel
is after it: e.g. The police are after him.
werewolf: a person transformed into a wolf or capable of assuming a wolf's form
pep talk: a usually brief, intense, and emotional talk designed to influence or encourage an audience
grim: stern or forbidding in action or appearance
nag: to irritate by constant scolding or urging
peer: to look narrowly or curiously
blimey: gorblimey: used to express amazement, surprise, or perplexity
somersault: a movement (as in gymnastics) in which a person turns forward or backward in a complete revolution along the ground or in the air bringing the feet over the head
poke: jab
squint: of an eye: looking or tending to look obliquely or askance
hawk: any of numerous diurnal birds of prey belonging to a suborder (Falcones of the order Falconiformes) and including all the smaller members of this group
stammer: to make involuntary stops and repetitions in speaking
spectacular: attracting attention or notice through unusual or conspicuous qualities
streak: rush
wrestle: to contend by grappling with and striving to trip or throw an opponent down or off balance
scuffle: wrestle
yelp: a sharp shrill bark or cry
clasp: to seize with or as if with the hand
shriek: to utter a sharp shrill sound
spill: to fall from one's place
brooding: moodily or sullenly thoughtful or serious
shed: a slight structure built for shelter or storage
swift: moving or capable of moving with great speed
prowl: to roam over in a predatory manner
sneaking: not openly expressed or acknowledged
glide: to move smoothly, continuously, and effortlessly
towering: impressively high or great
beech: any of a genus (Fagus of the family Fagaceae, the beech family) of hardwood trees with smooth gray bark and small edible nuts
hocus-pocus: a cleverly executed trick or deception
petrified: converted into stone through a slow process of mineralization
squeak: to utter or make a short shrill cry or noise
thump: to strike or beat with or as if with something thick or heavy so as to cause a dull sound
reckon: estimate
enchantment: a magic spell
Online Dictionary used: https://www.merriam-webster.com
Hikaru Utada - One Last Kiss
My first time at the Louvre (羅浮宮) was no big deal
Because I'd already met my own Mona Lisa, long ago
The day I first laid eyes on you (盯著你), wheels began to turn
An unstoppable premonition (預感) of loss
We already have so many
But let's add another one
Can you give me one last kiss?
Something we don't want to forget
Oh oh oh oh oh...
Something I don't want to forget
Oh oh oh oh oh...
I love you more than you'll ever know
I don't like being photographed
(But) I don't need such things
Your image is burnt forever
On my heart's projector screen
I was pretending I wasn't lonely
Well, I guess that makes two of us
Yearning (渴望) for someone
Came hand in hand with heartache
Oh, can you give me one last kiss?
A kiss as hot as fire
So passionately that even if I wanted to
I won't be able to forget it
Oh oh oh oh oh...
I love you more than you'll ever know
Oh oh oh oh oh...
I love you more than you'll ever know
I already know
Whether it's the end of the world
Or I grow to be old
The one I won't be able to forget
Oh oh oh oh oh...
The one I can't forget
Oh oh oh oh oh...
I love you more than you'll ever know
Oh oh oh oh oh...
The one I can't forget
Can't forget...
The one I can't forget
Chasing after a breeze (微風) that blew by
One dazzling (耀眼的) afternoon
題文不符——我一無所知
在生活當中很少有人具有邏輯思考能力，而絕大多數人懷有成見，每個人都承受著嫉妒、猜測、恐懼，以及傲慢的傷害。
Few people are logical. Most of us are prejudiced and biased. Most of us are blighted with preconceived notions, with jealousy, suspicion, fear, envy and pride.
Dale Carnegie <A Sure Way of Making Enemies --- and How To Avoid It>
2021年3月10日星期三
贏得爭論的方法
十有八九的辯論，其結果只會使雙方比以前更相信自己絕對正確。要知道，爭論中永遠不會有真正的贏家。如果在爭論中你失敗了，那當然就敗了，沒什麼好說的；如果你在辯論中獲得勝利，就其本質而言你依然是失敗；因為你即使你使對方論點變得千瘡百孔、一無是處，那又怎麼樣？你因此揚揚得意，而對方卻因為你使得他毫無顏面而怨恨你。
Nine times out of ten, an argument ends with each of the contestants more firmly convinced than ever that he is absolutely right.
You can't win an argument. You can't because if you lose, you lose it; and if you win, you lose it. Why? Well, suppose you triumph over the other man and shoot his argument full of holes and prove that he is non compos mentis. Then what? You feel fine. But what about him? You have made him feel inferior. You have hurt his pride. He will resent your triumph.
non compos mentis: not sane or rational
Dale Carnegie<You can't win an argument>
2021年3月5日星期五
點食蕎麥麵
If you order zaru soba (cold soba noodles), you'll receive a small plate of wasabi and sliced spring onions --- put these into the cup of broth (高湯) and eat the noodles by dipping them in the mixture. At the end of your meal, the waiter will give you some hot broth to mix with the leftover sauce, which you drink like a kind of tea. As with ramen, feel free to slurp as loudly as you please.
Morgan, K., & Milner R. (2018). Lonely Planet Kyoto. Lonely Planet.
Inland Sushi
Kyoto-style sushi involves using fish that is cooked or cured, rather than raw as in the typical nigiri-zushi. Saba-zushi is made using pickled mackerel (鯖魚), hamo-zushi uses pike conger eel (海鰻), and temari-zushi is prepared by rolling sushi into balls and placing an ingredient on top.
Morgan, K., & Milner R. (2018). Lonely Planet Kyoto. Lonely Planet.
DNA in hair follicle
Hair that is cut or shed does not unfortunately contain any nuclear DNA. For hair DNA testing to be successful the hairs must have the hair follicle attached.
https://www.homednadirect.co.uk
Unselfish appreciation
要是我們都那樣自私、卑賤，不從他人身上得到回報就不願意給他人快樂 (由衷的讚美)，要是我們的氣量還沒有一個酸蘋果大，那麼在生活、工作及他人交往當中絕對失敗。
If we are so contemptibly selfish that we can't radiate a little happiness and pass on a bit of honest appreciation without trying to get something out of the other person in return --- if our souls are no bigger than sour crab apples, we shall meet with the failure we so richly deserve.
Dale Carnegie <How to make people like you instantly>
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