In Python, the return statement is used inside a function to send a value back to the caller and immediately stop the function’s execution. If no value is specified, Python automatically returns None.
def x():
return 5
You define a function named x.
Inside the function, the return 5 statement tells Python to immediately stop running the function and send back the value 5.
Whenever you call x(), the function will give you 5.
In Python, the __code__ attribute is a special property of function objects that gives you access to the underlying code object representing the compiled function body.
def add(a, b):
return a + b
print(add.__code__)
# Output: <code object add at 0x..., file "script.py", line 1>
print(add.__code__.co_varnames) # ('a', 'b')
print(add.__code__.co_argcount) # 2
print(add.__code__.co_filename) # "script.py"
print(add.__code__.co_name) # "add"
\n is the escape sequence for a newline character. It tells Python to move the cursor to the next line when printing text.punctuations one by one, and temporarily call it punctuation.”text, and replace every newline character (\n) with a space (' ').”text.split() → splits the string into words (by spaces).
Example: "This is a test" → ["This", "is", "a", "test"].[word for word in text.split() if len(word) > 3] → keeps only words longer than 3 characters.' '.join([...]) → joins the filtered words back into a single string with spaces.lambda keyword. They’re often used when you need a quick, throwaway function without formally writing def.sorted() is a built‑in function that returns a new sorted list from any iterable (like lists, tuples, or strings). It does not modify the original object — it creates a new one.key=lambda x: x['num'] tells Python: “Sort by the value of the 'num' field inside each dictionary.”
lambda x: x['num'] is a small anonymous function that takes each dictionary (x) and returns the value associated with the key 'num'.
