前列腺出問題怎可以自己買藥食

良性前列腺增生(良性前列腺肥大)是指非癌性(即良性)的前列腺脹大，令患者排尿困難。前列腺脹大常見於年逾50歲的男性。

前列腺位於膀胱下方，一般體積如核桃或高爾夫球。男性隨着年齡增長，前列腺會經過兩個主要生長階段。第一階段在青春期初出現，前列腺的體積會倍增。第二階段約在25歲開始，並終其一生持續。良性前列腺增生通常在第二階段出現。

前列腺是男性獨有的小腺體，負責分泌在射精時携帶精子的液體(精液)。前列腺在膀胱頸的位置包圍尿道。

尿道穿過前列腺中央，而隨着前列腺脹大，腺體會擠壓尿道。由於膀胱使勁地試圖把尿液通過堵塞位置，膀胱壁便會逐漸變厚。最終，膀胱會變得衰弱，並失去清空的能力，導致患者即使在小便後膀胱仍留有尿液。

治療良性前列腺增生藥必須在醫護人員監督下服用。
α受體阻斷劑對前列腺內和膀胱頸的平滑肌張力起作用，可減低尿道阻力，使尿道得以擴闊，讓尿液更容易排出。這些藥物可在數星期內紓緩症狀，適用於下泌尿道症狀屬中度至嚴重的患者。

(Information from: www.drugoffice.gov.hk)

(Image: www.shutterstock.com)

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH, enlarged prostate grand), a common finding in older men, causes a gradual increase in urine retention and overflow incontinence…Pharmacologic treatment for BPH includes use of alpha-adrenergic blockers (for example, Cardura and Hytrin). These medications relax the smooth muscle of the bladder neck and prostate…Other treatment option includes transurethral incision of prostate. This procedure may be an option for men with only slightly enlarged prostate glands.

Prostate cancer, a slow-growing cancer, is most often seen in men older than 70 years of age…Smoking is known to be a primary factor of prostate cancer. The risk of prostate cancer is also greater in men who consume a diet containing excessive amounts of red meat or dairy products that are high in fat.

(Modified from: Brunner & Suddarth’s Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing)