Concepts of OOP

Inheritance enables a class (known as the derived class) to acquire properties and methods from another class (the base class). This mechanism allows you to reuse existing code, extend the functionality of existing classes, and establish a hierarchical relationship between classes.

Polymorphism—meaning “many forms”—allows you to write code that can operate on objects of different types through a common interface. In C++, this is most commonly achieved through runtime polymorphism using virtual functions.

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