Seanol (Sea Polyphenol)
While there is no cure currently available, sufficient intake of certain micronutrients and secondary plant metabolites may prevent the onset of Alzheimer's disease. Polyphenols are highly abundant in the human diet, and several experimental and epidemiological evidences indicate that these secondary plant products have beneficial effects on AD risks. This study reviews current knowledge on the potential of polyphenols and selected polyphenol-rich diets on memory and cognition in human subjects, focusing on recent data showing in vivo efficacy of polyphenols in preventing neurodegenerative events during brain ageing and in dementia. Concentrations of polyphenols in animal brains following oral administration have been consistently reported to be very low, thus eliciting controversial discussion on their neuroprotective effects and potential mechanisms. Whether polyphenols exert any direct antioxidant effects in the brain or rather act by evoking alterations in regulatory systems of the brain or even the body periphery is still unclear. To understand the mechanisms behind the protective abilities of polyphenol-rich foods, an overall understanding of the biotransformation of polyphenols and identification of the various metabolites arising in the human body is also urgently needed.
Schaffer, S., & Asseburg, H. (2012). Effects of polyphenols on brain ageing and Alzheimer's disease: focus on mitochondria. Molecular Neurobiology, 46(1):161-78. doi: 10.1007/s12035-012-8282-9
Vivo: Studies that are in vivo (Latin for "within the living") are those in which the effects of various biological entities are tested on whole, living organisms or cells, usually animals, including humans, and plants.
en.wikipedia.org
Niagen (聲稱) 有效提升NAD+水平，但此產品沒有根據《藥劑業及毒藥條例》或《中醫藥條例》註冊，產品作出的任何聲稱亦沒有為進行該等註冊而接受評核。此產品並不供作診斷、治療或預防任何疾病之用。
watsonsmall.com
NADH occurs naturally in the body and plays a role in the chemical process that generates energy. People use NADH supplements as medicine. NADH is used for improving mental clarity, alertness, concentration, and memory; as well as for treating Alzheimer’s disease...there isn't enough information to know for sure how or if these supplements work.
www.webmd.com
Coenzymes are derived from several members of a special class of nutrients known as vitamins. For example, the coenzymes NAD+ are derived from the B-vitatmins niacin.
Widmaier, E.P., & Raff, H. (2008). Vander’s Human Physiology: The Mechanisms of Body Function. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Krebs cycle
http://avonapbio.pbworks.com/f/1223150207/krebs.gif
2018年5月27日星期日
Is coffee carcinogenic?
But while acrylamide on its own is designated a "probable" human carcinogen, coffee in beverage form is most likely not a carcinogen, according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer.
http://www.latimes.com/opinion/op-ed/la-oe-ohayon-polsky-coffee-cancer-warnings-20180510-story.html
http://www.latimes.com/opinion/op-ed/la-oe-ohayon-polsky-coffee-cancer-warnings-20180510-story.html
校慶在即有感
二十年的歲月有多久呢？我不知道。我只知道十五年前的自己還是個手抱嬰孩，如今卻是一個高中生了。那麼，一所歷廿載寒暑，橫跨世紀的中學，應該有更大的變化吧！
經過初中三年後，我知道的梁中是一所要求嚴謹的學校。身為學生的我，一方面感受到重重壓力，另一方面也為學校感到自豪。壓力源自自己要做到盡善盡美的要求，自豪則源自校中每一份子的努力。
這所嚴謹的學校，師生關係卻又是非常的融洽。我想這是二十年來的一種改變吧！師生間是多了一份親切，少了一份嚴肅，存在著亦師亦友的默契。
但有人認為老師的尊嚴一旦受到挑戰，學生的自律精神就會下降。雖然我們學校的秩序確實較以前稍為遜色，但我絕不同意這個看法。我深信學校能夠經歷二十年的時間考驗，也正是建基於師生間那份互相尊重、互相信任的堅持。
踏入二十周年，校慶的活動層出不窮。有徵文比賽、校慶晚會、海報設計等，但背後的意義只有一個。這絕不是為了歌功頌德，炫耀成就，而是表揚一群默默耕耘、春風化雨的校長老師；一群打理學校、清潔校園的職員工友，以及所有自強不息、敦品勵行的學生(付出的一切一切……)。這也是個機會讓我們回顧過去、展望將來。我們應藉此檢討曾犯的錯誤，努力改進，迎接以後更多更多的二十年。不過我想那時候我已是一個老太太了，臉上滿是時間的痕跡。唯獨學校仍是充滿活力的幹勁、滿溢著學生清脆的笑聲，混和著一把蒼老的聲音，讓我細訴當年，時間彷彿又回到二十周年的校慶了……
後記︰作者是陳姓舊同窗，多年前在港大碰見，寒暄下知道她當時正攻讀法律。這篇文章是她中四寫的，行文流暢不在話下，文字間流露出對母校的真摯感情。文章經彭老師批改，他將文章複印，派發給全班同學欣賞學習。今天這張油印紙已發黃，但感情不變。
經過初中三年後，我知道的梁中是一所要求嚴謹的學校。身為學生的我，一方面感受到重重壓力，另一方面也為學校感到自豪。壓力源自自己要做到盡善盡美的要求，自豪則源自校中每一份子的努力。
這所嚴謹的學校，師生關係卻又是非常的融洽。我想這是二十年來的一種改變吧！師生間是多了一份親切，少了一份嚴肅，存在著亦師亦友的默契。
但有人認為老師的尊嚴一旦受到挑戰，學生的自律精神就會下降。雖然我們學校的秩序確實較以前稍為遜色，但我絕不同意這個看法。我深信學校能夠經歷二十年的時間考驗，也正是建基於師生間那份互相尊重、互相信任的堅持。
踏入二十周年，校慶的活動層出不窮。有徵文比賽、校慶晚會、海報設計等，但背後的意義只有一個。這絕不是為了歌功頌德，炫耀成就，而是表揚一群默默耕耘、春風化雨的校長老師；一群打理學校、清潔校園的職員工友，以及所有自強不息、敦品勵行的學生(付出的一切一切……)。這也是個機會讓我們回顧過去、展望將來。我們應藉此檢討曾犯的錯誤，努力改進，迎接以後更多更多的二十年。不過我想那時候我已是一個老太太了，臉上滿是時間的痕跡。唯獨學校仍是充滿活力的幹勁、滿溢著學生清脆的笑聲，混和著一把蒼老的聲音，讓我細訴當年，時間彷彿又回到二十周年的校慶了……
後記︰作者是陳姓舊同窗，多年前在港大碰見，寒暄下知道她當時正攻讀法律。這篇文章是她中四寫的，行文流暢不在話下，文字間流露出對母校的真摯感情。文章經彭老師批改，他將文章複印，派發給全班同學欣賞學習。今天這張油印紙已發黃，但感情不變。
2018年5月26日星期六
Too poor to be thin
Now, fast-food outlets are everywhere, which leads to a simple conclusion: junk food is cheap, so the poor eat junk food; ipso facto (by the very fact), the poor become fat. Obviously that is a bit of a generalization, but surely there is a kernel (core) of truth there.
www.economist.com
www.economist.com
Gravitational waves
Gravitational waves are 'ripples' in the fabric of space-time caused by some of the most violent and energetic processes in the Universe. Albert Einstein predicted the existence of gravitational waves in 1916 in his general theory of relativity.
ligo.caltech.edu
ligo.caltech.edu
acoustic
(of popular music or musical instruments) not having electrical amplification.
en.oxforddictionaries.com
Acoustic music is music that solely or primarily uses instruments that produce sound through acoustic means, as opposed to electric or electronic means; typically the phrase refers to that made by acoustic string instruments.
en.wikipedia.org
en.oxforddictionaries.com
Acoustic music is music that solely or primarily uses instruments that produce sound through acoustic means, as opposed to electric or electronic means; typically the phrase refers to that made by acoustic string instruments.
en.wikipedia.org
2018年5月22日星期二
thermoregulation of elderly
老年人因體溫升高而引起的近表皮血管舒張功能下降，加上出汗的能力較差，不宜在酷熱天氣下逗留在戶外太久。缺乏適當的避暑行為與較為緩慢生理反應同樣值得重視。
In elderly, the ability of vasodilation and sweating in response to increasing body temperature is hindered. The absence of appropriate behavioral responses is probably as important as impairment of physiological responses. (Modified version of Dr. Shiu's notes)
還要「飲水思源」?
(http://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-39482342) A UK-based team of researchers has created a graphene-based sieve capable of removing salt from seawater...The promising graphene oxide sieve could be highly efficient at filtering salts, and will now be tested against existing desalination membranes...But it has been difficult to produce large quantities of single-layer graphene using existing methods, such as chemical vapour deposition (CVD). Current production routes are also quite costly.
2018年5月16日星期三
2018年5月6日星期日
Source of Vitamin B
Vitamin B12 is found naturally in animal products (such as fish, poultry, meat, eggs, or dairy); it is also found in fortified breakfast cereals and enriched soy or rice milk.
www.hsph.harvard.edu
www.hsph.harvard.edu
Airborne transmission of measles
麻疹主要通過空氣傳播，皮疹發作前4天便有傳染性。
空氣傳播和飛沫傳播的分水領是10微米以下和以上的感染性顆粒?
Measles is transmitted from person to person primarily by the airborne route as aerosolized droplet nuclei. Infected people are usually contagious from 4 days before until 4 days after rash onset.
wwwnc.cdc.gov
People with measles are contagious from 4 days before the rash appears until about 4 days after it does, and are most contagious while they have a fever, runny nose, and cough.
kidshealth.org
Airborne transmission occurs only when infectious particles of <5 μm, known as aerosols, are propelled into the air.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
空氣傳播和飛沫傳播的分水領是10微米以下和以上的感染性顆粒?
Measles is transmitted from person to person primarily by the airborne route as aerosolized droplet nuclei. Infected people are usually contagious from 4 days before until 4 days after rash onset.
wwwnc.cdc.gov
People with measles are contagious from 4 days before the rash appears until about 4 days after it does, and are most contagious while they have a fever, runny nose, and cough.
kidshealth.org
Airborne transmission occurs only when infectious particles of <5 μm, known as aerosols, are propelled into the air.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
歌者的喪親之痛
Source of Chinese Lyrics: http://maya5836.pixnet.net/blog
在夢境途中醒來
閉上雙眼也已回不去
上一刻還那麼鮮明的世界
如今已成幻影
妳將汗水淋漓的我緊緊抱入懷中
深深刻劃許多的第一次
伸手靠近搖曳的新葉
沉浸在對你的思念不已時
悲傷何時才能逝去
請你告訴我
如今我已不再孤單一人
過得也算幸福
我也試著說服自己"這樣就夠了"
在贏不了的戰鬥裡殘喘
那些讓妳飽受痛苦的每一天
好像忘了我就會不再是我
請告訴我 說再見的正確方法
伸手向著誰
沉浸在對你的思念不已時
現在我想問你的事有好多 多得
滿溢而出 滿溢而出
樹木冒出嫩芽 日夜輪轉
我想告訴你這不變的心意
當你自由 就能擁有自由
茫然佇立著 送行者的身影
所有排山倒海的回憶
突然粗暴的揪住我不肯放
我還是好愛好愛妳
盛夏的陣雨 無止盡的下著
在夢境途中醒來
閉上雙眼也已回不去
上一刻還有妳的未來
如今我尋找著它 邁向明天
一直一直下個不停的雨水
一直一直無法療癒的渴望
2018年5月1日星期二
Sweetener in chewing gum
Many studies have looked for health effects in lab animals fed aspartame, often in doses higher than 4,000 mg/kg per day over their lifetimes. These studies have not found any health problems that are consistently linked with aspartame.
Considering results from the large number of studies on aspartame's safety, including five previously conducted negative chronic carcinogenicity studies, a recently reported large epidemiology study with negative associations between the use of aspartame and the occurrence of tumors, and negative findings from a series of three transgenic mouse assays (化驗), FDA finds no reason to alter its previous conclusion that aspartame is safe as a general purpose sweetener in food.
Aside from the effects in people with phenylketonuria, no health problems have been consistently linked to aspartame use.
cancer.org
Considering results from the large number of studies on aspartame's safety, including five previously conducted negative chronic carcinogenicity studies, a recently reported large epidemiology study with negative associations between the use of aspartame and the occurrence of tumors, and negative findings from a series of three transgenic mouse assays (化驗), FDA finds no reason to alter its previous conclusion that aspartame is safe as a general purpose sweetener in food.
Aside from the effects in people with phenylketonuria, no health problems have been consistently linked to aspartame use.
cancer.org
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