Seanol and Niagen

Seanol (Sea Polyphenol)

While there is no cure currently available, sufficient intake of certain micronutrients and secondary plant metabolites may prevent the onset of Alzheimer's disease. Polyphenols are highly abundant in the human diet, and several experimental and epidemiological evidences indicate that these secondary plant products have beneficial effects on AD risks. This study reviews current knowledge on the potential of polyphenols and selected polyphenol-rich diets on memory and cognition in human subjects, focusing on recent data showing in vivo efficacy of polyphenols in preventing neurodegenerative events during brain ageing and in dementia. Concentrations of polyphenols in animal brains following oral administration have been consistently reported to be very low, thus eliciting controversial discussion on their neuroprotective effects and potential mechanisms. Whether polyphenols exert any direct antioxidant effects in the brain or rather act by evoking alterations in regulatory systems of the brain or even the body periphery is still unclear. To understand the mechanisms behind the protective abilities of polyphenol-rich foods, an overall understanding of the biotransformation of polyphenols and identification of the various metabolites arising in the human body is also urgently needed.

Schaffer, S., & Asseburg, H. (2012). Effects of polyphenols on brain ageing and Alzheimer's disease: focus on mitochondria. Molecular Neurobiology, 46(1):161-78. doi: 10.1007/s12035-012-8282-9

Vivo: Studies that are in vivo (Latin for "within the living") are those in which the effects of various biological entities are tested on whole, living organisms or cells, usually animals, including humans, and plants.

en.wikipedia.org


Niagen (聲稱) 有效提升NAD⁺水平，但此產品沒有根據《藥劑業及毒藥條例》或《中醫藥條例》註冊，產品作出的任何聲稱亦沒有為進行該等註冊而接受評核。此產品並不供作診斷、治療或預防任何疾病之用。

watsonsmall.com

NADH occurs naturally in the body and plays a role in the chemical process that generates energy. People use NADH supplements as medicine. NADH is used for improving mental clarity, alertness, concentration, and memory; as well as for treating Alzheimer’s disease...there isn't enough information to know for sure how or if these supplements work.

www.webmd.com

Coenzymes are derived from several members of a special class of nutrients known as vitamins. For example, the coenzymes NAD⁺ are derived from the B-vitatmins niacin.

Widmaier, E.P., & Raff, H. (2008). Vander’s Human Physiology: The Mechanisms of Body Function. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Krebs cycle
http://avonapbio.pbworks.com/f/1223150207/krebs.gif