Sit up straight in the chair: back approach

First, cross her arms in front of the chest
The carer should extend her arms under the elder's armpits
and hold her forearms gently
Do not grab too forcefully or it might cause injury
Note that both the elder and the carer should lean their bodies slightly forward
The carer supports the shoulders of the elder from underneath with her forearm
Do not press on her chest or pull her forearms
Never pull backwards in a jerky manner
or it may cause injury to the elder and yourself
The carer should keep her back straight and
put one leg forward to stand with knee bent at wide base
If the elder can cooperate, the carer should give command
Support her with your forearms and help her to sit up straight in the chair
The elder does not need to stand up completely
She only needs to lift her buttocks slightly off the seat
Get into position with the forearms as support
the carer can straighten her back
tighten up the abdomen and bend the knees
Remember to propel with the lower limbs
As long as you extend the lower limbs slowly
you can easily help the elder to sit up straight against the backrest

(source: Department of Health)

From bed to chair: front approach

The first case is an elder with weak legs
Help her sit up straight with the whole back against the back rest
First of all, remove all obstacles
Help the elder to be prepared, such as putting on shoes
Don't forget to assess her physical condition
If the height of the bed can be adjusted, adjust it to the level of the wheelchair
Explain what you're going to do to the elder
Pull the wheelchair closer
Get it close to the bed at 90 degrees
Then lock the wheels
And ask her to sit as close to the edge of the bed as possible
If she needs help, the carer can support her shoulder with one arm
and support the bottom of her hip bone with the other hand
Then squat with one leg forward
Propel with your lower limbs
and keep the back straight while you are moving her forward
Move each of her left and right side forward a little at a time
Position her feet properly with the knees more or less directly above the toes
Guide her to position her arms correctly
It is important that she does not pull at the carer
otherwise both of you might lose balance and get injured
The carer should support the elder's shoulders firmly
One way of doing this is to support them with your forearms
Pay attention to the carer's arm movement when she is supporting the shoulder blades of the elder
As for posture, the carer must keep her back straight
Tighten up the abdomen and bend knees slightly
Depending on the strength of the elder's lower limbs
the carer can use different methods to support her knees with your knees
Stand with wide base
The forward foot should point to the elder
the rear foot should point to the wheelchair
Then the carer should give the command "one, two, three"
Lift the elder with your arms
Remember to propel your upper body with your lower limbs at the same time
When her buttocks have just got off the bed
you can transfer her to the wheelchair
Note that during the course of transfer
the elder's body does not have to be completely standing straight

(source: Department of Health)

Hope at hospital

Having meal with all family members at home

Slogan of HKU

博盡 無悔

“Strive all your effort is more than enough, “David Ho said.

童年回憶

小學時期，我在課堂上說爸爸是博士。
老師也信以為真，只有位同學直指我在說謊。
後來，我才知道博士只是爸爸的花名。
說真的，爸爸懂得的很廣泛，而他在他行內很專，這個花名確實貼切。

Knowledge of soap

Biodegradable soap is not biodegradable when it ends up in a river or lake because it requires soil for it to breakdown properly.

(Source: backcountryattitude.com)

To define volt

Under the action of a battery, charges of opposite sign move in opposite directions and so a convention for current direction has to be chosen.

One coulomb (C) is the quantity of electric charge carried past a given point in a circuit when a steady current of 1 ampere flows for 1 second.

If a steady current I (in amperes) flows for time t (in seconds) then the quantity Q (in coulombs) of charge that passes is given by: Q=It

The charge on an electron is 1.60 X 10^-19 C

Consider a conductor of length I and cross-section area A having n ‘free’ electrons per unit volume each carrying a charge e:

Volume of conductor = Al

Number of ‘free’ electrons = nAl

Total charge Q of ‘free’ electron = nAle

I = Q/t = nAle/t

Drift velocity, v = l/t, therefore t = l/v

I = nAle/(l/v) = nAev

v = l/nAe

The potential different V between two points in a circuit is the amount of electrical energy transformed into other forms of energy when unit charge passes from one point to the other.

The unit of potential difference is the volt (V) and equals the p.d. between two points in a circuit in which 1 joule of electrical energy is transformed when 1 coulomb passes from one point to the other.

If a charge of Q (in coulombs) flows in a part of a circuit across which there is a p.d. of V (in volts) then the energy charge W (in joules) is given by: W = QV

W = ItV

Duncan, T. (2003). Advanced Physics For Hong Kong. London: John Murray (Publishers) Ltd.

In physics, the electron-volt is a unit of energy equal to 1.6×10⁻¹⁹ J. By definition, it is the amount of energy gained (or lost) by the charge of a single electron moving across an electric potential difference of one volt.

(en.wikipedia.org)