Anubis, ancient Egyptian god

Anubis, ancient Egyptian god of funerary practices and care of the dead, represented by a jackal or the figure of a man with the head of a jackal. In the Early Dynastic period and the Old Kingdom, he enjoyed a preeminent (though not exclusive) position as lord of the dead, but he was later overshadowed by Osiris. His role is reflected in such epithets as “He Who Is upon His Mountain” (i.e., the necropolis), “Lord of the Sacred Land,” “Foremost of the Westerners,” and “He Who Is in the Place of Embalming.”

阿努比斯，古埃及掌管葬禮儀式與亡者照護的神祇，以豺狼或人身豺狼頭的形象呈現。在早王朝時期與古王國時期，他享有至高（雖非唯一）的地位，為亡者之主，但後來逐漸被歐西里斯所取代。他的角色反映在一些尊號中，如「山上之神」（即墓地）、「聖地之主」、「西方人之首」以及「在防腐之所者」。

His particular concern was with the funerary cult and the care of the dead; hence, he was reputed to be the inventor of embalming, an art he first employed on the corpse of Osiris. In his later role as the “conductor of souls,” he was sometimes identified by the Greco-Roman world with the Greek Hermes in the composite deity Hermanubis.

他特別關注葬禮崇拜與亡者的照護；因此，他被傳說為防腐術的發明者，並首先將此技藝運用於歐西里斯的屍體。在他後來作為「靈魂引導者」的角色中，希臘羅馬世界有時將他與希臘神赫密斯相結合，形成合成神赫曼努比斯。

Source: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Anubis

Anubis is the guardian of mummies and cemeteries. He is responsible for weighing the heart during the judgement after death and guiding the deceased along the path to the afterlife.

阿努比斯是木乃伊與墓地的守護者。他負責在死後審判時秤量心臟，並引導亡者走向通往來世的道路。

Yan, H. Y. (2025). Ancient Egypt Unveiled: Treasures from Egyptian Museums. The Hong Kong Palace Museum.

The human heart was balanced on the scale against Ma’at’s feather of truth. If the heart weighed more than the feather, the person’s identity would essentially cease to exist: the hybrid deity Ammit would eat the heart, and the soul would be destroyed. But if the heart weighed the same as the feather, the deceased would pass through the underworld (Duat) and into the Afterlife.

人類的心臟在天秤上與瑪亞特的真理之羽相衡。如果心臟比羽毛更重，這個人的身份便會徹底消失：混合神阿米特會吞食心臟，靈魂也將被毀滅。但若心臟與羽毛重量相同，亡者便能通過冥界（杜阿特），進入來世。

Source: https://egyptianmuseum.org/deities-Anubis

Translated with Microsoft Copilot and Edited