進食蔬果的好處

肥胖的原因看起來是暴飲暴食，或卡路里攝入和消耗的失衡。其實飲食（尤其是纖維）、微生物、短鏈脂肪酸、腸道滲透性和慢性炎症才是問題癥結所在。

Rather than coming down to simply balancing calories-in with calories-out, the link between diet (particularly fiber), microbes, short-chain fatty acids, gut permeability and chronic inflammation makes obesity seem rather more like a disease of energy regulation than a simple case of overeating.

Collen, A. (2015). 10% Human: How Your Body's Microbes Hold the Key to Health and Happiness. London: William Collins.

短鏈脂肪酸是腸道細菌膳食纖維代謝的副產品，具有抗炎特性。

Short-chain fatty acids, produced as by-products of dietary fiber metabolism by gut bacteria, have anti-inflammatory properties.

Rutting , S. (2018). Short-chain fatty acids increase TNFα-induced inflammation in primary human lung mesenchymal cells through the activation of p38 MAPK. American Journal of Physiology. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00306.2018

短鏈脂肪酸改善腸道健康，包括維持腸道屏障完整性、粘液產生、防止炎症和降低患結直腸癌的風險。

Short-chain fatty acids improve the gut health through a number of local effects, ranging from maintenance of intestinal barrier integrity, mucus production, and protection against inflammation to reduction of the risk of colorectal cancer.

Silva, Y.P. (2020). The role of short-chain fatty acids from gut microbiota in gut-brain communication. Frontiers in Endocrinology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2020.00025