美容院職安健

The indoor environment in four beauty salons located in Athens was examined in order to investigate the occupational health exposure of cosmetologists to various chemical products typically used in their work. Chemical substances chosen for investigation were volatile organic compounds (VOCs), formaldehyde, ozone and carbon dioxide. Total VOCs levels measured showed significant variation depending on the products used and the number of treatments carried out, as well as ventilation. The main VOCs found in the salons were aromatics, esters and ketones which are used as solvents in various beauty products…Ozone concentrations measured in all salons were quite low and formaldehyde concentrations detected were lower than the detection limit of the method in all salons. Carbon dioxide levels ranged between 402 and 1,268 ppm, depending on the number of people present in the salons during measurements and ventilation. Cosmetologists may be exposed to high concentrations of a mixture of volatile organic compounds although these levels could be decreased significantly by following certain practices such as good ventilation of the areas, closing the packages of the beauty products when not in use and finally selecting safer beauty products without strong odor.

Cosmetologists and beauticians and to some extent customers are exposed to high concentrations of several compounds that are included in the various chemical products used in their work/treatments. A wide diversity of chemical products are used in the different therapies performed in the beauty salons (facial cleansing, skin, nails and body hydrotherapy and care, anti-wrinkle, pigmentation and acne treatment, make up, body and face massage, reflexology, aromatherapy, face and body hair removal, etc.). Each of these products has a large number of components including several Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), methacrylates, phthalates, and formaldehyde. In addition, the use of various equipments can contribute to the increase of other chemical parameters such as ozone during the use of steam equipment (“ozonizer”), carbon monoxide during laser hair removal, etc. The variations of chemical exposures have been described in a few studies mainly focused on hairdressing and nail salons.

Occupational skin and respiratory disorders, and disputable reproductive and genotoxic effects have been linked to chemical exposures of beauty workers. Although industrial hygiene evaluations have found that airborne exposures are very low compared with occupational exposure standards and those found in industry, the levels of VOCs found in the indoor air can influence human comfort and cause sensory effects…Concerning ozone, the main health concern is its effect on the respiratory system...Formaldehyde has been classified as a potential carcinogen and can also cause sensory and respiratory irritation...Carbon dioxide does not cause severe health effects but stands as a significant index of indoor air quality since it is influenced by the number of persons in a room and the rate of air changes.

Tsigonia, A., & Lagoudi, A. (2010). Indoor Air in Beauty Salons and Occupational Health Exposure of Cosmetologists to Chemical Substances. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 7(1). 10.3390/ijerph7010314.

http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/7/1/314/htm