狗與幼鳥

愛，我想，比死和死的恐懼更強大。只要依靠它，依靠這種愛，生命才能維持下去，發展下去。

[俄] 屠格涅夫《麻雀》，巴金譯

Quit U

Pertec Computer Corporation (PCC), formerly Peripheral Equipment Corporation (PEC), was a computer company based in Chatsworth, California which originally designed and manufactured peripherals such as floppy drives, tape drives, instrumentation control and other hardware for computers.

stave off: to prevent something bad from affecting you for a period of time; to delay something

interloper: a person who is present in a place or a situation where they do not belong or are not wanted

vibrant: full of life and energy

accuse: to say that somebody has done something wrong or is guilty of something

康懋達國際（Commodore International）是一家在1970至1980年代極具影響力的北美家用電腦與電子元件先驅企業。

workbench: a long, heavy table used for doing practical jobs, working with tools, etc.

vividly: ​in a way that produces very clear pictures in your mind

To snake along means to move or extend in a winding, twisting path with many curves and bends.

suitor: ​(business) a company that wants to buy another company

solicit:  (formal) to ask somebody for something, such as support, money or information; to try to get something or persuade somebody to do something

sideline: an activity that you do as well as your main job in order to earn extra money

glimpse: glimpse somebody/something to see somebody/something for a moment, but not very clearly

水密艙蓋（Watertight Hatch）是一種專門設計用於船隻、艦艇或地下設施的防護裝置，主要功能是在完全浸入水中或承受高水壓時，依然能百分之百阻止水分滲入。

pursuit: the act of looking for or trying to get something

exhilarating: very exciting and great fun

proclivity: a natural desire or need that makes you tend to do something, often something bad

hash out: to discuss something carefully and completely in order to reach an agreement or decide something

pore over: to look at or read something very carefully

scribble: to write something quickly and carelessly, especially because you do not have much time

cram: to push or force somebody/something into a small space; to move into a small space with the result that it is full

triumphant: very successful in a way that causes great pleasure

Bill Gates "Source Code"

Online Dictionaries Used:

hk.dictionary.search.yahoo.com

www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com

dictionary.cambridge.org

Google AI Overview

習慣說

nifty: practical; working well

frother: a device for making liquid, especially milk for coffee, frothy

frothy: (of liquids) having a mass of small bubbles on the surface

halo: (in paintings, etc.) a circle of light shown around or above the head of a holy person

velvety: pleasantly smooth and soft

detriment: the act of causing harm or damage; something that causes harm or damage

The first law of neuroplasticity states that the repeated activation of a presynaptic neuron, one that is sending the signals, and a postsynaptic neuron, one that is receiving the signals, leads to an increase in the efficiency or effectiveness of communication between them.

Effective（有效果的）著重於結果與目標達成，而 efficient（有效率的）則著重於過程與資源利用（省時、省力、省成本）。

Most of the time we are going through life in automatic mode without really thinking, and negative thoughts can arise like they always have, and because those pathways have been strengthened through repetition we go down that well-trodden path...yet again.

大多數時間我們處於自動模式，在日常生活中並未真正用心思考。負面念頭會像以往一樣自動浮現，因為大腦中對應的神經通路經由反覆使用而被強化。結果我們便再次沿著那條熟悉且被踏得很深的思維小徑走下去。

well-trodden: (of a road or path) much used

The first law of neuroplasticity also states that the order and timing of the spikes (neurons communicating) determine the size and magnitude of a connection being strengthened (or weakened).

compassion (for somebody) a strong feeling of sympathy for people or animals who are suffering and a desire to help them

Nicole Vignola "Rewire"

hk.dictionary.search.yahoo.com

oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com

dictionary.cambridge.org

Explained by Microsoft Copilot and Edited

Lambda

def someFunc(var1, var2, var3, var4):

someFunc(var1=1,2,3,4)

This call is not valid Python syntax.

Once you start with a keyword argument (var1=1), every argument that follows must also be a keyword argument.

You can’t drop back into plain positional arguments afterward.

def someFunc(func):

    print(func(5) + 2)

someFunc(lambda x: x * 3)

Function definition

• someFunc takes one argument, func.

• Inside, it calls func(5) and then adds 2 to the result.

• Finally, it prints that value.

Calling with a lambda

• You pass in lambda x: x * 3.

• That’s an anonymous function that multiplies its input by 3.

Execution

• Inside someFunc, func(5) runs → 5 * 3 = 15.

• Then 15 + 2 = 17.

This is a neat example of higher-order functions: you’re passing a function as an argument to another function.

Microsoft Copilot

quiz

def triangle(num):

    if num == 1:

        return num

    return num + triangle(num - 1)

Your function triangle(num) is a recursive way to calculate the triangular number — the sum of all integers from 1 up to num.

How it works

• Base case: If num == 1, it returns 1.

• Recursive case: Otherwise, it returns num + triangle(num - 1), which keeps calling itself until it reaches 1.

So for triangle(4):

• 4 + triangle(3)

• 4 + (3 + triangle(2))

• 4 + (3 + (2 + triangle(1)))

• 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 = 10

Key points

• It computes the sum $1+2+\cdots +n$.

• This is known as the n-th triangular number.

• Formula: $\frac{n(n+1)}{2}$
  

小學奧數口訣︰頭項加尾項乘項數除二

def square(num):

    return triangle(num-1) + triangle(num)

Explanation

• triangle(n) gives the sum of integers from 1 to n. Example: triangle(4) = 1+2+3+4 = 10.

• In your square(num) function, you’re adding:

• triangle(num-1) → sum of numbers up to num-1

• triangle(num) → sum of numbers up to num

If num = 4

square(4) = 16

triangle(3) + tringle(4) = 6 + 10 = 16

Microsoft Copilot

強化與減弱

dwell on: to think or talk a lot about something, especially something it would be better to forget

reframe: to frame (something) again and often in a different way

indicative: a form in the indicative mood

Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a long-lasting increase in the strength of synaptic connections between neurons, triggered by repeated or high-frequency stimulation.

Long-term depression (LTD) in neuroscience is an activity-dependent reduction in the strength of neuronal synapses that lasts for hours or longer.

Opposite of LTP: While long-term potentiation (LTP) strengthens connections, LTD weakens them to balance brain activity and clear space for new information.

LTP 與 LTD 共同構成神經可塑性的雙向調節，支援 Hebbian 學習與記憶的形成與修正。它們也出現在時序依賴性突觸可塑性（Spike-timing-dependent plasticity, STDP）中，依據前後脈衝時差決定增強或抑制。總體上，LTP 強化有用的連結，LTD 削弱冗餘或錯誤的連結，維持網路穩定與資訊儲存效率。

Hebbian theory states that connections between neurons strengthen when they are activated repeatedly at the same time. Often summarized by the phrase: "Neurons that fire together, wire together".

substitute: to take the place of somebody/something else; to use somebody/something instead of somebody/something else

sever: to cut something into two pieces; to cut something off something

dismantle: to take apart a machine or structure so that it is in separate pieces

Nicole Vignola "Rewire"

hk.dictionary.search.yahoo.com

oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com

www.merriam-webster.com

Google AI overview

Explained by Microsoft Copilot

Negativity Bias

lard: a solid white substance made from the melted fat of pigs that is used in cooking

recount: to tell somebody about something, especially something that you have experienced

malevolent: having or showing a desire to harm other people

melodramatic: full of exciting and extreme emotions or events; behaving or reacting to something in an exaggerated way

embellish: embellish something to make something more beautiful by adding decoration to it

piss somebody off: to make somebody annoyed or bored

gloom and doom: a general feeling of having lost all hope, and of pessimism (= expecting things to go badly)

gleaming: shining brightly because of being very clean

conspire: to secretly plan with other people to do something illegal or harmful

dwell on: to think or talk a lot about something, especially something it would be better to forget

ruin: to damage something so badly that it loses all its value, pleasure, etc.

The science of negativity bias concludes that when there are equal measures of good and bad emotions, the psychological effects of the bad ones outweigh the good ones.

For example, if you receive a bunch of great comments on your social media post but one negative one, you are more likely to dwell on the negative comment for the rest of your day or week.

負面偏見指心理學發現：當好壞情緒同等時，負面情緒的影響力更大，比正面情緒更容易被記住和放大。這會讓人對壞的事反應更強烈、花更多時間思考或擔憂。

例如在社群貼文中，即使收到很多正面留言，一則負評也更可能佔據你的注意力，讓你整天或好幾天都反覆想起那條負評。

attuned (to somebody/something) familiar with somebody/something so that you can understand or recognize them or it and act in an appropriate way

gratitude: the feeling of being grateful and wanting to express your thanks

The most detrimental part about this negativity bias is that we all have a narrative that we repeat, a story that we tell ourselves and others about ourselves.

detrimental: harmful

perpetuate: to make something such as a bad situation, a belief, etc. continue for a long time

Nicole Vignola "Rewire"

hk.dictionary.search.yahoo.com

oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com

Explain by Microsoft Copilot