Exposure

在手動模式 (Manual Mode) 下，曝光補償 (Exposure Compensation) 功能通常不會直接使用，因為您完全控制光圈、快門和 ISO。

〈有牌爛仔〉

雙十暴動是1956年10月10至12日間在香港九龍及荃灣等地發生的一次騷亂。事件的導火線是徙置事務處職員在中華民國國慶10月10日移除懸掛在李鄭屋徙置區的中華民國國旗和大型「雙十」徽牌。

騷動衝着國共力量在港的矛盾，由雙十掛國旗的糾紛觸發，再引來連串駭人的暴力事件。衝突結果帶來六十人死、四百四十三人傷。

Grammar in Use

Wrong: When did this bridge being built?

Correct: When was this bridge built?

Interviews

whisk somebody/something + adv./prep. to take somebody/something somewhere very quickly and suddenly

fabled: ​famous and often talked about, but rarely seen

A DEC computer refers to machines made by the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), a pioneering American company famous for revolutionizing computing with affordable minicomputers.

cling: to hold on tightly to somebody/something

"Bonneville" refers to a significant early programming job Bill Gates and Paul Allen had for the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) in North Bonneville, Washington, where they debugged software for the Pacific Northwest's electrical grid control system for defense contractor Thompson Ramo Wooldridge (TRW).

awed: showing or feeling respect and slight fear; extremely impressed by somebody/something

bask (in something) to enjoy sitting or lying in the heat or light of something, especially the sun

hone: to develop and improve something, especially a skill, over a period of time

veer: to change direction suddenly

angst: a feeling of great worry about a situation, or about your life

Plymouth was a popular American car brand by Chrysler, launched in 1928 to offer affordable cars against Ford and Chevy, becoming known for reliable models like the Valiant and iconic muscle cars.

Bill Gates "Source Code"

Online Dictionaries Used:

hk.dictionary.search.yahoo.com

www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com

Google AI overview

Open a txt file for reading

reading file: ifstream (input file stream)

writing file: ofstream (output file stream)

eof() in C++ is a member function of file stream classes (ifstream, ofstream, fstream) that stands for end-of-file.

stoi in C++ stands for "string to integer".

Meaning of letter = str[0];

str → a std::string object.

• [0] → accesses the first character of the string (indexing starts at 0).
• letter → a variable of type char that stores the result.

So this statement assigns the first character of the string str to the variable letter




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成長

hype: to advertise something a lot and make its good qualities seem better than they actually are, in order to get a lot of public attention for it

conglomerate: (business) a large company formed by joining together different firms

off base: (North American English, informal) completely wrong about something

blurt out: say something suddenly, impulsively, and without thinking, often revealing a secret or a thought you intended to keep hidden, typically due to excitement or nervousness, and sometimes leading to regret

flaw: a mistake in something that means that it is not correct or does not work correctly

fluster: to make somebody nervous and/or confused, especially by giving them a lot to do or by making them hurry

dumb: (especially North American English, informal) stupid

stalk: to walk in an angry or proud way

dread: to be very afraid of something; to fear that something bad is going to happen

congenial: (of a person) pleasant to spend time with because their interests and character are similar to your own

comeuppance: ​a punishment for something bad that you have done, that other people feel you really deserve

cringe: to feel very embarrassed and uncomfortable about something

Bill Gates "Source Code"

Online Dictionaries Used:

hk.dictionary.search.yahoo.com

www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com

Working with files

In C++, the fstream class (from the header) is used for both reading and writing files. It combines the functionality of ifstream (input file stream) and ofstream (output file stream), allowing you to open a file and perform input/output operations on it.

The is_open() function in C++ is a member of the file stream classes (ifstream, ofstream, and fstream). It is used to check whether a file stream is currently associated with (and successfully opened) a file.

getline() in C++ — it’s one of the most useful functions for reading text input, especially when dealing with files or user input that includes spaces.

#include <iostream>

#include <string>

using namespace std;

int main() {

    string name;

    cout << "Enter your full name: ";

    getline(cin, name);  // reads entire line including spaces

    cout << "Hello, " << name << "!" << endl;

    return 0;

}




ios::app is a file open mode flag used with file streams (ofstream, fstream).

Meaning: Append mode.

When you open a file with ios::app, all output operations are performed at the end of the file, preserving existing content.

The file pointer is moved to the end before each write.

Existing data is not erased.

console: a flat surface that contains all the controls and switches for a machine, a piece of electronic equipment, etc.

ios::in

• Meaning: Open file for input (reading).
• Behavior:
• The file must exist; otherwise, opening fails.
• You can read data from the file using the stream.
• Typical use: Used with ifstream or fstream.

ios::out

• Meaning: Open file for output (writing).
• Behavior:
• If the file exists, its contents are truncated (erased) unless combined with ios::app.
• If the file doesn’t exist, it is created.
• You can write data into the file.
• Typical use: Used with ofstream or fstream.

The .close() function in C++ is used with file stream objects (ifstream, ofstream, fstream) to close an open file.

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