check prescription on patient's record
prepare the required equipment
check expiry date of blood glucose test strips
ensure the blood glucose analyzer and the test strips are matched with each other (confirm the code of the test strips is same as the code of the blood glucose analyzer)
check patient's identity
communicate with patient on the aim and steps of the procedure
hand hygiene and dry hands completely
(wear clean gloves?)
get the test strip from the bottle (close the bottle cap immediately)
cleanse the selected site with alcohol swab
wait until the site is dry and perform the puncture procedure
collect enough blood sample with the test strip as recommended
use dry swab to press on the puncture site
the blood glucose value will be displayed on the analyzer
to prevent injury, discard the used lancet into the sharp box
observe the puncture site to ensure bleeding has stopped
hand hygiene and dry hands completely
document the time and test result into the patient's record
aftercare and cleansing of the equipment
report on abnormal results
2014年7月31日星期四
blood pressure measurement
wash hands or rub hands
identify client; introduce self to client
explain procedure to client and gain verbal consent
where possible, measure blood pressure under the same conditions each time
allow client to rest several minutes after exercise or smoking before the procedure
expose upper part of client's arm and ensure client is in the desired position
i) lying, sitting or (standing?)
ii) palm of the hand facing upward
iii) sphygmomanometer position at heart level
according to the client's arm, choose an appropriate cuff size
wrap the deflated cuff snugly and smoothly around the upper part of the arm. The bottom of the cuff approximately 3cm above the antecubital space (the depression in front of the elbow) with centre of cuff bladder over brachial artery
to establish a baseline, locate the radial pulse with the fingertips of your non-dominant hand. Inflate the cuff while simultaneously palpating the artery and note the point on the manometer where the radial pulse can no longer be felt (this provides an estimate of the systolic blood pressure)
deflate the cuff completely and wait 1-2 minutes before continuing to measure
locate and palpate the brachial artery with fingertips (medial aspect of antecubital fossa), and place the stethoscope over the brachial artery
inflate the cuff rapidly to a pressure 30 mmHg higher than the estimated systolic blood pressure
deflate the cuff gradually at a rate of 2-3 mmHg per second until the first korotkoff sound (Phase I) is heard
[systolic blood pressure (Phase I sounds): the appearance of faint, clear tapping sounds, which gradually increase in intensity]
read pressure on manometer at eye level
continue to deflate cuff until the sound changed to a muffled sound (Phase IV)
[diastolic blood pressure (Phase IV sounds): when sound changes from a distinct tapping to a muffled sound which becomes soft and blowing]
remove cuff from client's arm
check that client is comfortable
compare blood pressure reading with previous recording
document the assessment data accurately
report any abnormalities to appropriate staff
inform client of reading
clean stethoscope after use
wash hands or rub hands
identify client; introduce self to client
explain procedure to client and gain verbal consent
where possible, measure blood pressure under the same conditions each time
allow client to rest several minutes after exercise or smoking before the procedure
expose upper part of client's arm and ensure client is in the desired position
i) lying, sitting or (standing?)
ii) palm of the hand facing upward
iii) sphygmomanometer position at heart level
according to the client's arm, choose an appropriate cuff size
wrap the deflated cuff snugly and smoothly around the upper part of the arm. The bottom of the cuff approximately 3cm above the antecubital space (the depression in front of the elbow) with centre of cuff bladder over brachial artery
to establish a baseline, locate the radial pulse with the fingertips of your non-dominant hand. Inflate the cuff while simultaneously palpating the artery and note the point on the manometer where the radial pulse can no longer be felt (this provides an estimate of the systolic blood pressure)
deflate the cuff completely and wait 1-2 minutes before continuing to measure
locate and palpate the brachial artery with fingertips (medial aspect of antecubital fossa), and place the stethoscope over the brachial artery
inflate the cuff rapidly to a pressure 30 mmHg higher than the estimated systolic blood pressure
deflate the cuff gradually at a rate of 2-3 mmHg per second until the first korotkoff sound (Phase I) is heard
[systolic blood pressure (Phase I sounds): the appearance of faint, clear tapping sounds, which gradually increase in intensity]
read pressure on manometer at eye level
continue to deflate cuff until the sound changed to a muffled sound (Phase IV)
[diastolic blood pressure (Phase IV sounds): when sound changes from a distinct tapping to a muffled sound which becomes soft and blowing]
remove cuff from client's arm
check that client is comfortable
compare blood pressure reading with previous recording
document the assessment data accurately
report any abnormalities to appropriate staff
inform client of reading
clean stethoscope after use
wash hands or rub hands
Difference between occupational therapist and physiotherapy
職業治療師透過不同的活動和治療，幫助病患者或有特殊需要的人士，增強體能及心智功能，發展日常生活或工作所需能力，協助他們重新投入家庭、工作和社會。
物理治療師是利用人體生理對物理刺激所作出的反應，治療病患和恢復身體活動功能。
兩者大致分別在於，物理治療師著重提升人的活動功能，職業治療師著重按照病人的生活或工作需要提供康復治療，而且還會協助提升病患者的心智功能。
(source: Housing Authority Elderly Resources Centre)
occupational therapist: functional, activities of daily living, home environment
道德經譯文9
(經) 聖人先人後己, 反而能得到人們的擁戴; 將自己置之度外, 反而能保全生命。這不是因為他無私嗎? 反而能成就自身。
(傳) 堯到華地觀遊。華地守封疆人說: "啊, 聖人, 請接受我的祝福。"
"祝聖人長壽。" 堯說: "不要。" "祝聖人富有。" 堯說: "不要。" " 祝聖人多男孩。" 堯說: "不要。"
守封疆人說: "長壽、富有、多男孩, 這是人們都想得到的, 你獨不想要, 為什麼呀?"
堯說: "多男孩便多恐懼, 富有便多事, 長壽則多辱。這三種東西, 都不是培養德性的, 所以不想要。"
守封疆人說: "起初我以為你是聖人, 現在看來竟是個君子。天生萬民, 必定會授予其職事, 多男孩而授予其職事, 還會有什麼恐懼? 富有而使人分享, 還會有什麼繁事? 聖人居無常處, 隨寓而安, 無心於食, 如鳥飛行於天空而沒有蹤跡, 天下有道, 便同萬物一起昌盛; 天下無道, 就修德閒居; 高齡時饜足於世, 便離開人間, 乘著那白雲, 到天地之鄉, 病、老、死三種禍患不來, 災殃不見, 還有什麼困辱?"
守封疆人離去。堯跟隨著他, 說: "請問應怎樣做?"
守封疆人說: "回去吧!"
(傳) 堯到華地觀遊。華地守封疆人說: "啊, 聖人, 請接受我的祝福。"
"祝聖人長壽。" 堯說: "不要。" "祝聖人富有。" 堯說: "不要。" " 祝聖人多男孩。" 堯說: "不要。"
守封疆人說: "長壽、富有、多男孩, 這是人們都想得到的, 你獨不想要, 為什麼呀?"
堯說: "多男孩便多恐懼, 富有便多事, 長壽則多辱。這三種東西, 都不是培養德性的, 所以不想要。"
守封疆人說: "起初我以為你是聖人, 現在看來竟是個君子。天生萬民, 必定會授予其職事, 多男孩而授予其職事, 還會有什麼恐懼? 富有而使人分享, 還會有什麼繁事? 聖人居無常處, 隨寓而安, 無心於食, 如鳥飛行於天空而沒有蹤跡, 天下有道, 便同萬物一起昌盛; 天下無道, 就修德閒居; 高齡時饜足於世, 便離開人間, 乘著那白雲, 到天地之鄉, 病、老、死三種禍患不來, 災殃不見, 還有什麼困辱?"
守封疆人離去。堯跟隨著他, 說: "請問應怎樣做?"
守封疆人說: "回去吧!"
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